Carbureter



. Patented July 20, 1920.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

nimrco FEROLDI, or roam, ITALY.

' Specification of Letters Patent CARBUBETER.

Patented July 20, 1920.

Application filed March 19,1918. Serial 110,223,267.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENRICO Fnnonm, subject ofthe King of Italy, andresident of Turin, Italy, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Carbureters, of

filled with fuel during the ordinary operation of the carbureter andhas-for its object an improved construction of said nozzlel The annexeddrawing shows'by way of example a carbureter constructed according tothis invention and Figure 1 is a sectional view of the carbureter; Fig.2 is an enlarged central section of the nozzle and associate partsr Asshown in said drawing, the carbureter comprises a carbureting chamber 1having an extension 18 intended to be connected with the engine suctionduct, the communication between said chamber and extension beingcontrolled by a butterfly valve 2 operated by means of a lever 19; onaccount of engine suction air enters said chamber 1 through openings 20and 21 and fuel is supplied therein through 'a nozzle 3 as herelnafterdescribed, the same uniting to form the gaseous mixture which is fed toengine.

The nozzle 3 is mounted in a seat 23 provided at the bottom of chamber 1and 1s clamped therein by means of a hollow bolt 24 having holes 25 inits wall and encircled by a filtering net or the like 26; the chamber orspace formed by seat 23 communicates through duct 6 with a tank 7 intowhich fuel is fed through filtering members 27 and socket 8 adapted tobe connected with a feeding pipe.

The supply of fuel to tank 7 may be controlled in the usual manner.

The nozzle comprises a pipe 3 (see Fig. 2) connected with the hollowplug 24, a socket 4 being screwed into mouth of plug 24 to form arestricted passage, and said pipe is provided at its upper end with ahead 31 forming a transverse partition 9 in which a restricted orifice10 is made, the sectional area of this hole 10 being considerablyrednced with regard to that of pipe 3; said head is further providedwith a small pipe 11 extending into tliespace or chamber 32 of'pip'e 3between-socket 4 and partition 9.

Above said partition 9, said head 31 is arranged to form a cup 12communicating with hole 10 and in the wall of this cup are provided rowsof holes 13 and 14, holes 13 belng inclined downwardly and holes 14upwardly as shown in the drawing. There is also formed in said head ahole 14 which leads directly from chamber '32 to a hollow plug 16located in front of said hole as hereinafter described.

The position of nozzle3 in the carbureter must be so adjusted that thelevel of fuel in tank 7 and in nozzle 3 connected therewith ismaintained at the upper mouth of hole 10 as shown by Fig. 2.

Head 31 is encircled by a bell-15 provided with holes 33 and 34 for thepurpose of allowing the suction produced in chamber 1 to 'act in thebell to draw fuel from hole 10 into cup 12 and cause said fuel to issuethrough holes 13 and 14 as well as for allowing air to enter said bell.

The wall of chamber 1 is provided with a thickened portion 34, in whicha longitudinal duct 35 is provided which opens at its bottom intochamber 1 at 36 and communicates with a passage 17 leading to extension18, the mouth 17 of this duct being located in extension 18 just beyondthe edge of valve 2 when this latter is in its closed position as shownin Fig. 1.

In said thickened portion 34' is provided a hole transverse with regardto duct 35 in which is seated the hollow plug 16 having an opening 37which is of such extent as to communicate both with duct 35 and open ing36; said plug 16 extends through a hole 38 in hell 15 so as to have itsmouth in register with the mouth of hole 14 of head 31.

Said plug 16 is provided with a controlling handle 39 for adjusting thearea of communication between the hollow of said plug and duct 35 and abolt 40 is provided to clamp said plug in the required position, saidbolt engaging a flange 41 provided on the plug. 1

The operation of the carbureter is as follows :-lVhen the engine isstarting and generally when it must run at a reduced speed, the valve 2being closed or nearly closed, the engine suction acts through duct17'1"- 3536 to draw air into chamber 1 and at the same time said suctionacts through hole 37 in hollow plug 16 and therefore a depression iscreated at the mouth of hole 14 which causes the fuel contained inchamber 32 to issue through said hole 14: and enter plug 16 and duct 3517 this fuel is thus mixed with air passing through said duct and themixture is fed to the engine through duct 35'1717 and extension 18.

When valve 2 is opened, the suction acts Within chamber 1 and thereforewithin [bell 15 through holes 34, and thus a depression is created atthe mouth of 'hole 10 socket being adapted to be easily replaced,

it being screwed into the mouth of the hollow bolt 24. I 1

Said socket ltogether with partition 9 and hole 10 serves to provide inthebody I porary exceedingly high engine speed, the

of nozzle 3 the aforesaidchamber 32 having a larger sectional area thanvinlet orifice l or exhaust orifice 10, said chamber being filled withfuel so as to render the flow of fuel therethrough even and continuousand obviate variations of flow in case of quick variations in suctionacting in ClllIIb" ber 1 and bell 15, these variations being producedfor instance when valve 2 is quickly opened or closed.

The above described construction of nozzle which forms the feature ofthis inven 7 speeds.

tion provides a more satisfactory operation of the carbureter than knownconstructions of nozzlesand causes the percentage of the mixture to' beconstant at different engine In fact when the engine runs to I speed andthe fuel issues only'through hole 14" opening in plug 16, the valve 2being closed as above described, the supply of V j fuel is regular andfull, this fuel issuing directly from the chamber'32 of nozzle 3.

Further, during this operation the suction of the engine acts directlyon the whole section of chamber 32, so that it insures asatisfactoryfsupply of fuel even whensaid suction is weak as when theengine runs very slowly and particularly in the case of rotatorycylinder engines.

When the engine is running at high'speed and the suction in carburetingchamber is very strong, n ordinary constructions of carbureters andinozzles, the fuel issues "at high speed from the mouth of the nozzle andthen'the' upper portion of the nozzle is apt to become empty, the fuellevel being considerably lowered in the same. To overcome thisobjectionable operation it has -mouth, the shown on the drawingbeinggiven-merely been proposed either to increase thespeed of the air in therestricted portion of the carbureting chamberencircling the mouth ofnozzle in order to increase the suction acting on said month, whichresults in affecting the output of the engine, or to increase thesectional area of the mouth of said nozzle, this causing a much toolarge supply of fuel particularly when the engine runs at intermediatespeeds I I On the contrary, the arrangement according to this inventionavoids theseobjections, and this satisfactory resultdepends upon the,fact that hole 14:, opening vdirectly into chamber 32 causes theenginesuction to act 30 in said-chamber and on the whole section thereof, sothat. said chamber 32 of the nozzle is always completely filled withfuel,

- without modifying the percentage of the mixture which may be given therequired 35 value by suitably adjusting the section" of supply of fuelinto cup 12 is alwaysinsured by pipe 11 projecting to a considerablediso tance into said chamber. r

Qbviously o the described construction of nozzle may be used incarbureters of any kind in which the nozzle has a restrictedconstruction of carbureter" I by way of example as the featureof thisinvention consists in the construction -of the nozzle.

It has to be understood that thisinvention may also be applied inconnectlon with noz zles having different shapes from those shown in thedrawing as the same may be -appl1ed to any class of; nozzleshaying arestricted mouth, the subject matter of this invention being limitedonly as pointed out f in the appended claims.

lVha t 'I claim as my inventionand desire I to secure by U, S. LettersPatent is:

' l. A nozzle for explosion engine carbureters, comprising a tubularmember having 1 a transverse partition in the upper part' thereof todivide the tubular member into a an upper section and a 'lowersection,said

partition having an orifice to form a pas-V I sage between saidsections, said upper section having spraying perforations extending tothe outer surface thereof at substantiallythe'same level as a portformed in the I wall of the tubular member andextending from s'aidlowersection to the outer surface r of the tubular member? a 2. A nozzle forexplosion engine carbureters, eomprising,-a' tubular member, a trans- Iverse partition in the upper portion of said tubularmember to form alower-"chamber and an upper cup, said partition having a restrictedorifice therein to form a passage between the chamber and the cup, thecup having a spraying perforation extending to the outer surface thereofat substantially the same level as the orifice of a port formed in theWalls of the tubular member and extending from said chamber to the outersurface of the tubular member.

3. A nozzle for explosion engine carbureters, comprising a tubularmember, a transverse partition in the upper portion thereof, to form alower andupper chamber therein and having a restricted orifice therein,and a pipe connected to said partition extending into the lower chamberand surrounding the orifice to form a passage from said upper chamber tosaid lower chamber, the Wall of the tubular member being provided withspraying perforations extending from the upper chamber to the outersurface thereof and the Wall of the tubular member having a perforationextending from the lower chamber to the outer surface of the tubularmember, the orifices of all of said perforations being at substantiallythe same level.

Signed at Turin, Italy, this 15 day of October, A. D. 1917.

ENRICO FER-OLDI.

WVitnesses:

MANI DE GIRozIo, GUIsErrE DE LEO.

